woensdag 18 augustus 2010
dinsdag 17 augustus 2010
maandag 16 augustus 2010
What no UFO?!
Those of us who question things in a different way than the majority will I'm sure have discussed with others in those more reflective moments how we intuitively feel that some sort of fundamental shift is on the horizon of the collective psyche. We're all feeling a ‘back-wash' of this eschatological incident - what Terence McKenna called the ‘transcendental object at the end of time'. Part of this process involves shedding of the old - thus what we are witnessing are the contradictions in contemporary systems beginning to show. These manifest in media-ready concepts such as "the collapse of Communism" or "the rise of new terrorism" but the irony is that the previously offered alternatives or solutions don't work either. The illusion of choice or reliance on binary logic and the Hegelian process no longer applies. Instead, in order to get a slippery grasp on reality, we require new modes of research and exploration. Like Exopolitics, these new lenses let us build what I've called a mosaic of data-points in order to model what we see around us instead of relying on fixed, Newtonian views of the universe. The ‘politics' in Exo//politics functions primarily with a small ‘p'. These days we're all aware that formal or big ‘p' Politics may claim to govern our lives but it's really just a fraction of the political influences out there. The real definition of politics simply means the interactive flow of decision making communication between self and Other. Alfred Webre re-invigorated the concept with his book ‘Exopolitics' at the turn of the millennium. He divides the field into an activist role and a science role - the two coming together to produce a novel and pro-active way of dealing with the mosaic of connections and possibilities we've mentioned. With Exopolitics though, the idea of activism has changed from its common image of waving placards and science has less to do with true/fake evidence loops and more an association with ‘new physics' or quantum mechanics. It's this emerging paradigm that you should see represented in gatherings such as Exopolitics Leeds and numerous others around the globe. Ultimately Exopolitics is a dynamic, organic discipline - capable of incorporating every aspect of cutting edge research - whether these are based in anthropology, politics, science or art - these are all facets of consciousness. As is stated on the front page of the UK national site - there is a war on consciousness and this is where our differences fade as we engage in a more than metaphorical battle for truth. You'll notice that I've yet to mention either the term "extra-terrestrial" or "UFO" and that's deliberate. It's not that these elements aren't important - they're core to our discussion - it's more the point that Exopolitics is not a new form of UFOlogy or a ‘cultural' version of say Exo-biology but instead it's a framework in its own right for filtering information that now happens to see these elements as part of consensus reality. Larry Warren once said that the ET/UFO issue is a human rights issue and he's making the same point I'm attempting here i.e.: the scope of the field is greater than the concepts it aims to include. We see Exopolitics in a tangible sense in operation with the case of truth seeker Gary McKinnon. Gary's plight exemplifies why this area is about human rights as he was driven primarily because he believed all of us [including the poor and vulnerable] would benefit from the new, advanced energy systems that are inextricably linked to off-planet intelligences and the objects they appear to zip about in. Ironically Gary's belief in the fact that closeted technology should be brought into the light for the collective good led to his own human right to exist being threatened. Gary and the numerous other casualties of the ET/UFO truth-embargo are victim not of their own actions but of our own inability to define our priorities and hold those misanthropic minorities who see themselves as ‘separate' firmly to account. New ways of viewing the world are fast coming into place and Exopolitics is just one of many. In my view it pulls itself ahead of other frameworks not only because, by default, it incorporates examination of areas previously considered taboo like black budget funding, conspiracy models, free-energy and evolutionary intervention theory but purely by placing the issue of non-terrestrial visitation at it's core. It's only when you to a long hard look at the world using this model that you begin to peel away the layers and see just how central this theme is to geopolitical decision making but also how closely aligned "the UFO" as an icon is to our own higher consciousness. It's time to grow-up as a society and face the fact we're at a crucial stage in the evolutionary scheme of things. The fact that we're being engaged on multiple levels by advanced, off-planet entities is the elephant in the room of this process and no amount of fearfully pretending it ain't there is going to make it go away. David Griffin Written for Introduction to Leeds Conference - June 2009 UK Exopolitics Initiative. == | |||
donderdag 12 augustus 2010
Hopi Prophecies: Great Catastrophe and then Pahana will return
Hopi Prophecies: Great Catastrophe and then Pahana will return
The signs include the 'sea turning black'.
See more at www.davidicke.com
woensdag 11 augustus 2010
LEMURIA THE HIDDEN HISTORY OF MANKINDS MOTHERLAND
This three-hour documentary series proves the existence of Mu, the Motherland of Man, how that all ancient religion was taken from the Motherland at one point or another, introduced to these civilizations which were her colonies, and gradually fell away from the real teaching as nefarious priest-classes used the knowledge to gain power over their populaces...
Lemuria: The Hidden History of Mankind's Motherland from James on Vimeo.
Read more at johandenuyl.webs.com
VIDEO"S EN LINKS
www.freepressinternational.com
www.lonelantern.org
www.cerebellum.tv
http://opposingdigits.com/vlog
Master video list by Myspace members OWN-the-NWO and Masterpiece
opposing digits vlog page
http://livedigital.com/video
Watch This First:
Freedom to Fascism Movie Trailer
Aaron Russo Interview
Other titles, in no particular order: (more to be added as I get around to it)
Alex Jones' Martial Law 9-11 downloadable version here
Music Video - Robert Cray "Twenty"
eye of the storm - police state
Vaccination - The Hidden Truth produced by Vaccination Information service
Peace, Propaganda & The Promised Land
Everybody's gotta learn sometime alternate link here filmmaker's website: www.crisisinamerica.org/
Jordan Maxwell on America's Decline into Fascism (80 seconds)
The Occult World Of Commerce
Jim Marrs - Rule by Secrecy
Money, Banking and the Federal Reserve producer's website: www.mises.org
Behold a Pale Horse - William Cooper related website: http://www.hourofthetime.com
Dave VonKleist 911 in Plane Site
Dave VonKleist (The Producer of 911 In Plane Site) Confronting The Evidence
The Revolution Will Not Be Televised
Jerry Smith - HAARP BBLC-TV website: www.consciousmedianetwork.com
The Grand Decepition (Music Video) by Mypace member PROFOUND
Where R The PPL (music video)
9-11: Who Killed John O'Neill
9-11 eyewitness
Robert Newman's History of Oil
David Icke: The Bohemian Grove & Mind Control Rituals
Michael Tsarion:
The Origins of Evil
The Subversive Use of Sacred Symbolism in the Media
The Destruction of Atlantis
Sherry Peel Jackson - Breaking The Invisible Shackles Of The IRS
9-11: Press for Truth
One World Government - A look into the future
LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA
The Great Hall of the ancient Library of Alexandria in Egypt.
A reconstruction based on scholarly evidence
The Royal Library of Alexandria was once the largest in the world. It is usually assumed to have been founded at the beginning of the 3rd century BC during the reign of Ptolemy II of Egypt after his father had set up the temple of the Muses, the Musaeum (whence we get "Museum"). The initial organization is attributed to Demetrius Phalereus, and is estimated to have stored at its peak 400,000 to 700,000 parchment scrolls. The library's destruction remains a mystery. A new library was inaugurated in 2003, near the site of the old library.
One story holds that the Library was seeded with Aristotle's own private collection, through one of his students, Demetrius Phalereus. Another concerns how its collection grew so large. By decree of Ptolemy III of Egypt, all visitors to the city were required to surrender all books and scrolls in their possession; these writings were then swiftly copied by official scribes. The originals were put into the Library, and the copies were delivered to the previous owners. While encroaching on the rights of the traveler or merchant, it also helped to create a reservoir of books in the relatively new city.
The Library's contents were likely distributed over several buildings, with the main library either located directly attached to or close to the oldest building, the Museum, and a daughter library in the younger Serapeum, also a temple dedicated to the god Serapis. Carlton Welch provides the following description of the main library based on the existing historical records:
- A covered marble colonnade connected the Museum with an adjacent stately building, also in white marble and stone, architecturally harmonious, indeed forming an integral part of the vast pile, dedicated to learning by the wisdom of the first Ptolemy in following the advice and genius of Demetrios of Phaleron. This was the famous Library of Alexandria, the "Mother" library of the Museum, the Alexandriana, truly the foremost wonder of the ancient world. Here in ten great Halls, whose ample walls were lined with spacious armaria, numbered and titled, were housed the myriad manuscripts containing the wisdom, knowledge, and information, accumulated by the genius of the Hellenic peoples. Each of the ten Halls was assigned to a separate department of learning embracing the assumed ten divisions of Hellenic knowledge as may have been found in the Catalogue of Callimachus of Greek Literature in the Alexandrian Library, the farfamed Pinakes. The Halls were used by the scholars for general research, although there were smaller separate rooms for individuals or groups engaged in special studies.
In 2004 a Polish-Egyptian team claimed to have discovered part of the library while excavating in the Bruchion region. The archaeologists claimed to have found thirteen "lecture halls", each with a central podium. Zahi Hawass, president of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities said that all together, the rooms uncovered so far could have seated 5000 students.
The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, partly submerged in a pool of water, tries to live up to an ancient tradition. It stands where archaeologists believe the library of the Ptolemies stood some 1,700 years ago. Read more from BBC News - 2004
To commemorate the ancient library, the government of Egypt has built a major library and museum complex at Alexandria, called the Bibliotheca Alexandrina.
Destruction of the Great Library
One of the reasons so little is known about the Library is that it was lost centuries after its creation. All that is left of many of the volumes are tantalizing titles that hint at all the history lost from the building's destruction. Few events in ancient history are as controversial as the destruction of the Library, as the historical record is both contradictory and incomplete. Not surprisingly, the Great Library became a symbol for knowledge itself, and its destruction was attributed to those who were portrayed as ignorant barbarians, often for purely political reasons.
Much of the debate rests on a different understanding of what constituted the actual Library. Large parts of the Library were likely decentralized, so it is appropriate also to speak of the "Alexandrian libraries".
Both the Serapeum, a temple and daughter library, and the Museum itself existed until about AD 400. Only if one believes the Museum to be distinct from the Great Library, an event of destruction prior to that point becomes plausible.
One account of such an event of destruction concerns Julius Caesar. During his invasion of Alexandria in 47 48 BC, Caesar set the enemy fleet in the harbor on fire. Some historians believe that this fire spread into the city and destroyed the entire library. While this interpretation is now a minority view, it is based on several ancient sources, all of which were written at least about 150 years after the destruction supposedly took place. Edward Parsons has analyzed the Caesar theory in his book The Alexandrian Library and summarizes the sources as follows:
A final summary is interesting: of the 16 writers, ten -- Caesar himself, the author of the Alexandrian War, Cicero, Strabo, Livy (as far as we know), Lucan, Florus, Suetonius, Appian, and even Athenaeus -- apparently knew nothing of the burning of the Museum, of the Library, or of Books during Caesar's visit to Egypt; and six tell of the incident as follows:
- 1. Seneca (AD 49), the first writer to mention it (and that nearly 100 years after the alleged event), definitely says that 40,000 books were burned.2. Plutarch (c. 117) says that the fire destroyed the great Library.
3. Aulus Gellius (123 - 169) says that during the "sack" of Alexandria 700,000 volumes were all burned.
4. Dio Cassius (155 - 235) says that storehouses containing grain and books were burned, and that these books were of great number and excellence.
5. Ammianus Marcellinus (390) says that in the "sack" of the city 70,000 volumes were burned.6. Orosius (c. 415), the last writer, singularly confirms Seneca as to number and the thing destroyed: 40,000 books.
Of all the sources, Plutarch is the only one to refer explicitly to the destruction of the Library. Plutarch was also the first writer to refer to Caesar by name. Ammianus Marcellinus' account seems to be directly based on Aulus Gellius because the wording is almost the same.
The majority of ancient historians, even those strongly politically opposed to Caesar, give no account of the alleged massive disaster. Cecile Orru argued in "Antike Bibliotheken" (2002, edited by Wolfgang Höpfner) that Caesar could not have destroyed the Library because it was located in the royal quarter of the city, where Caesar's troops were fortified after the fire (which would not have been possible if the fire had spread to that location).
Furthermore, the Library was a very large stone building and the scrolls were stored away in armaria (and some of them put in capsules), so it is hard to see how a fire in the harbor could have affected a significant part of its contents. Lastly, modern archaeological finds have confirmed an extensive ancient water supply network which covered the major parts of the city, including, of course, the royal quarter.
The destruction of the library is attributed by some historians to a period of civil war in the late 3rd century AD -- but we know that the Museum, which was adjacent to the library, survived until the 4th century. There are also allegations dating to medieval times that claim that Caliph Omar, during an invasion in the 7th century, ordered the Library to be destroyed, but these claims are generally regarded as a Christian attack on Muslims, and include many indications of fabrication, such as the claim that the contents of the Library took six months to burn in Alexandria's public baths. The legend of Caliph Omar's destruction of the library provides the classical example of a dilemma: Omar is reported to have said that if the books of the library did not contain the teachings of the Qur'an, they were useless and should be destroyed; if the books did contain the teachings of the Qur'an, they were superfluous and should be destroyed.
Evidence for the existence of the Library after Caesar
As noted above, it is generally accepted that the Museum of Alexandria existed until c. AD 400, and if the Museum and the Library are considered to be largely identical or attached to one another, earlier accounts of destruction could only concern a small number of books stored elsewhere. This is consistent with the number given by Seneca, much smaller than the overall volume of books in the Library. So under this interpretation it is plausible that, for example, books stored in a warehouse near the harbor were accidentally destroyed by Caesar, and that larger numbers cited in some works have to be considered unreliable -- misinterpretations by the medieval monks who preserved these works through the Middle Ages, or deliberate forgeries.
Even if one considers the Museum and the Library to be very much separate, there is considerable evidence that the Library continued to exist after the alleged destruction. Plutarch, who claimed the Great Library was destroyed (150 years after the alleged incident), in Life of Antony describes the later transfer of the second largest library to Alexandria by Mark Antony as a gift to Cleopatra. He quotes Calvisius as claiming "that [Mark Antony] had given her the library of Pergamus, containing two hundred thousand distinct volumes", although he himself finds Calvisius' claims hard to believe. In "Einführung in die Überlieferungsgeschichte" (1994, p. 39), Egert Pöhlmann cites further expansions of the Alexandrian libraries by Caesar Augustus (in the year AD 12) and Claudius (AD 41-54). Even if the most extreme allegations against Caesar were true, this raises the question of what happened to these volumes.
The continued existence of the Library is also supported by an ancient inscription found in the early 20th century, dedicated to Tiberius Claudius Balbillus of Rome (d. AD 56). As noted in the "Handbuch der Bibliothekswissenschaft" (Georg Leyh, Wiesbaden 1955):
- "We have to understand the office which Ti. Claudius Balbillus held [...], which included the title 'supra Museum et ab Alexandrina bibliotheca', to have combined the direction of the Museum with that of the united libraries, as an academy."
Athenaeus (c. AD 200) wrote in detail in the Deipnosophistai about the wealth of Ptolemy II (309-246 BC) and the type and number of his ships. When it came to the Library and Museum, he wrote: "Why should I now have to point to the books, the establishment of libraries and the collection in the Museum, when this is in every man's memory?" Given the context of his statement, and the fact that the Museum still existed at the time, it is clear that Athenaeus cannot have referred to any event of destruction -- he considered both facilities to be so famous that it was not necessary for him to describe them in detail. We must therefore conclude that at least some of the Alexandrian libraries were still in operation at the time.
Destruction of the pagan temples by Theophilus
In the late 4th century, persecution of pagans by Christians had reached new levels of intensity. Temples and statues were destroyed throughout the Roman Empire, pagan rituals forbidden under punishment of death, and libraries closed. In 391, Emperor Theodosius ordered the destruction of all pagan temples, and Patriarch Theophilus of Alexandria complied with this request. Socrates Scholasticus provides the following account of the destruction of the temples in Alexandria:
- "Demolition of the Idolatrous Temples at Alexandria, and the Consequent Conflict between the Pagans and Christians. At the solicitation of Theophilus bishop of Alexandria the emperor issued an order at this time for the demolition of the heathen temples in that city; commanding also that it should be put in execution under the direction of Theophilus. Seizing this opportunity, Theophilus exerted himself to the utmost to expose the pagan mysteries to contempt."And to begin with, he caused the Mithreum to be cleaned out, and exhibited to public view the tokens of its bloody mysteries. Then he destroyed the Serapeum, and the bloody rites of the Mithreum he publicly caricatured; the Serapeum also he showed full of extravagant superstitions, and he had the phalli of Priapus carried through the midst of the forum.
"Thus this disturbance having been terminated, the governor of Alexandria, and the commander-in-chief of the troops in Egypt, assisted Theophilus in demolishing the heathen temples. These were therefore razed to the ground, and the images of their gods molten into pots and other convenient utensils for the use of the Alexandrian church; for the emperor had instructed Theophilus to distribute them for the relief of the poor.
"All the images were accordingly broken to pieces, except one statue of the god before mentioned, which Theophilus preserved and set up in a public place; 'Lest,' said he, 'at a future time the heathens should deny that they had ever worshiped such gods.'"
5th century scroll which illustrates the destruction of the Serapeum by Theophilus
(source: Christopher Haas: Alexandria in late antiquity, Baltimore 1997)The Serapeum housed part of the Library, but it is not known how many books were contained in it at the time of destruction. Notably, Paulus Orosius admitted in his History against the pagans:
- "Today there exist in temples book chests which we ourselves have seen, and, when these temples were plundered, these, we are told, were emptied by our own men in our time, which, indeed, is a true statement."
Some books may have been stolen, therefore, but any books that existed in the Serapeum at the time would have been destroyed when it was razed to the ground.
As for the Museum, Mostafa El-Abbadi writes in Life and Fate of the ancient Library of Alexandria (Paris 1992):
- "The Mouseion, being at the same time a 'shrine of the Muses', enjoyed a degree of sanctity as long as other pagan temples remained unmolested. Synesius of Cyrene, who studied under Hypatia at the end of the fourth century, saw the Mouseion and described the images of the philosophers in it. We have no later reference to its existence in the fifth century. As Theon, the distinguished mathematician and father of Hypatia, herself a renowned scholar, was the last recorded scholar-member (c. 380), it is likely that the Mouseion did not long survive the promulgation of Theodosius' decree in 391 to destroy all pagan temples in the City."
Conclusions
There is a growing consensus among historians that the Library of Alexandria likely suffered from several destructive events, but that the destruction of Alexandria's pagan temples in the late 4th century was probably the most severe and final one. The evidence for that destruction is the most definitive and secure. Caesar's invasion may well have led to the loss of some 40,000-70,000 scrolls in a warehouse adjacent to the port (as Luciano Canfora argues, they were likely copies produced by the Library intended for export), but it is unlikely to have affected the Library or Museum, given that there is ample evidence that both existed later.
Civil wars, decreasing investments in maintenance and acquisition of new scrolls and generally declining interest in non-religious pursuits likely contributed to a reduction in the body of material available in the Library, especially in the fourth century. The Serapeum was certainly destroyed by Theophilus in 391, and the Museum and Library may have fallen victim to the same campaign.
If indeed a Christian mob was responsible for the destruction of the Library, the question remains why Plutarch casually referred to the destruction of "the great library" by Caesar in his Life of Caesar. As noted in the Wikipedia article on Plutarch, Plutarch was patronized by influential Romans, including important Senators, to whom some of Plutarch's writings were dedicated. Such patrons would likely have appreciated laying the blame on the relatively populist Julius Caesar. It is also important to note that most surviving ancient works, including Plutarch, were copied throughout the Middle Ages by Christian monks. During this copying process, errors have sometimes been made, and some have argued that deliberate forgery is not out of the question, especially for politically sensitive issues. Other explanations are certainly possible, and the fate of the Library will continue to be the subject of much heated historical debate.
Other libraries of the ancient world